TRANSITION FROM IPV4 to IPV6 

HOW INTERNET WORKS?

Two Components are important for Internet Communication viz Hardware and Protocol.

The first of those components is hardware. That includes everything from the cables that carry terabits of information every second to the computer sitting in front of you. Other types of hardware that support the Internet includes routers, servers, cell phone towers, satellites, radios, smart phones and other devices. All these devices together create the network of networks..

These elements are connections. Some are end points -- the computer, Smartphone or other device you're using to read this may count as one. We call those end points clients. Machines that store the information we seek on the Internet are servers. Other elements are nodes which serve as a connecting point along a route of traffic.

All of this hardware wouldn't create a network without the second component of the Internet: the protocols. Protocols are sets of rules that machines follow to complete tasks. Without a common set of protocols that all machines connected to the Internet must follow, communication between devices couldn't happen.

IP ADDRESS In the TCP/IP protocol, the unique identifier for a computer is called its IP address.

TYPES 

There are two standards for IP addresses: IP Version 4 (IPv4) and IP Version 6 (IPv6).IPv4 uses 32 binary bits to create a single unique address on the network. An IPv4 address is expressed by four numbers separated by dots. Each number is the decimal (base-10) representation for an eight-digit binary (base-2) number, also called an octet. 

For example: 216.27.61.137

IPv6 uses 128 binary bits to create a single unique address on the network. An IPv6 address is expressed by eight groups of hexadecimal (base-16) numbers separated by colons,as in2001:cdba:0000:0000:0000:0000:3257:9652. Groups of numbers that contain all zeros are often omitted to save space, leaving a colon separator to mark the gap (as in 2001:cdba::3257:9652).

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the entity that oversees global IP address allocation, system numberallocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System (DNS), media types, and other Internet Protocol-related symbols and numbers.